40 Essential Free CNA Practice Test Questions and Answers on Effects of Immobility

With the hope to provide nursing assistant with the in-depth knowledge of the adverse effects of immobility on the patients’ other body systems, 40 Essential Free CNA Practice Test Questions and Answers on Effects of Immobility brings up a list of specialized terms pertaining to results of motionlessness and the portions of the nursing process in provision of nursing care to patients. These free CNA test questions especially press 8 systems affected by immovability including integument, metabolic, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, psychological, urinary and musculoskeletal systems. Additionally, these questions are designed under the multiple choice testing with instant answers in order to help you get used to the exam format and bring out the best in your exam practice. Click now to master all the basic knowledge of immobility and its effects!

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   Diminished Cardiac Reserve

• HR increased by 15%, drop in systolic BP, drop in diastolic BP
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life
• decreased circulation to the skin, pressure of immobility
• hear rate increases (increases sympathetic stimulation), increased heart rate with minimal exertion, with increased heart rate there is decreased blood flow to the coronary arteries

Decreased Stimuli

• perception of time, problem solving skills, decision-making abilities diminish, life becomes too narrow for the client
• HR increased by 15%, drop in systolic BP, drop in diastolic BP
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life
• atrophy of the skin secondary to shift in body fluids, poor hydration

Atelectasis

• decreased circulation to the skin, pressure of immobility
• without weight bearing, bones demineralize causing a loss of calcium which will result in osteoporosis; bones will become spongy and deformed
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life
• when secretions pool in one area of the lung causes collapse of a lobe or lung; elderly or postoperative clients are most at risk

Ankylosis

• atrophy of the skin secondary to shift in body fluids, poor hydration
• stiffness and pain of the joint, without movement collagen becomes ankylosed, as bones demineralize excess calcium becomes deposited in the joints
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life
• stasis and alkalinity of the urine is an excellent medium for bacterial growth, risk factors are supine and alkalinity, contaminated by poor pericare and incontinence, most common organism is E. coli

Delayed Wound Healing

• atrophy of the skin secondary to shift in body fluids, poor hydration
• secondary to a decreased protein intake, negative nitrogen balance leads to malnutrition, proteins necessary for wound healing
• secondary to increased venous pressure of lower extremities, will note in sacrum and heels in immobilized client, note in feet and ankles when in chair; edematous tissue is more prone to breakdown
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life

Integumentary System Assessments and Interventions

• assess for skin breakdown, turn and reposition client every 2 hours, evaluate risk using the Braden Assessment Scale, monitor intake and output, administer skin care every shift
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life
• atrophy of the skin secondary to shift in body fluids, poor hydration
• inspect respiratory rate and depth, note sputum, fever or pain when breathing, auscultate the lungs, encourage cough and deep breathing, use of incentive spirometry (expand alveoli)

Respiratory Assessments and Interventions

• decreased circulation to the skin, pressure of immobility
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life
• inspect respiratory rate and depth, note sputum, fever or pain when breathing, auscultate the lungs, encourage cough and deep breathing, use of incentive spirometry (expand alveoli)
• assess for skin breakdown, turn and reposition client every 2 hours, evaluate risk using the Braden Assessment Scale, monitor intake and output, administer skin care every shift

Dependent Edema

• secondary to increased venous pressure of lower extremities, will note in sacrum and heels in immobilized client, note in feet and ankles when in chair; edematous tissue is more prone to breakdown
• secondary to a decreased protein intake, negative nitrogen balance leads to malnutrition, proteins necessary for wound healing
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life
• HR increased by 15%, drop in systolic BP, drop in diastolic BP

Skin Breakdown

• mood elevating substances, lack of exercise
• decreased circulation to the skin, pressure of immobility
• increased dependence on others, unable to carry out role in life
• HR increased by 15%, drop in systolic BP, drop in diastolic BP

Anorexia

• a clot that is loosely attached to an inflammed vein wall
• loss of appetite, occurs because of decreased BMR
• mood elevating substances, lack of exercise
• decreased circulation to the skin, pressure of immobility

Urinary System Assessments and Interventions

• monitor food intake and elimination patterns, encourage fluids, provide diet high in fruits veggies and fiber, assess bowel sounds
• hear rate increases (increases sympathetic stimulation), increased heart rate with minimal exertion, with increased heart rate there is decreased blood flow to the coronary arteries
• evaluate intake and output: increases the risk of renal impairment and dehydration increases the risk for skin breakdown, clot formation, respiratory infections, urinary infections, and constipation
• evaluate muscular atrophy, provide high protein and high calorie diet, monitor lab values (serum albumin and protein, BUN)