20 Free CNA Practice Test 2015 Questions and Answers on Respiratory Distress

In reality, there are lots of causes leading to the respiratory distress/ acute respiratory distress for patients such as intrinsic and extrinsic causes. As a nursing assistant, you must know not only the mood of patients but also the causes of that mood so as to give patients a suitable and correct care. For improving the NA’s understanding of respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress, 20 Free CNA Practice Test 2015 Questions and Answers on Respiratory Distress highlight the key points of this syndrome and suggest some effective methods to treat it. With a great content based on the reliable learning sources and a nice design, these free CNA test questions ensure you to have an in-depth understanding of symptoms and treatments of respiratory distress. This test is totally free for everyone, so take a try now to perfect your exam preparation!

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20 Free CNA Practice Test 2015 Questions and Answers on Respiratory Distress

A patient can be hypoxic without being hypoxemic and pulse ox only measures the blood saturation of O2 to hemoglobin. Post-op hypoxia is typically caused by a pneumothorax or pulmonary embolism. When a patient suddenly becomes agitated, uncooperative, or behaves differenet from baseline suspect hypoxia.

• Arterial Blood Gases
• diffusion limitation
• respiratory failure treatment
• remember that pulse ox has limitations

1. O2 administration 2. prone position 3. lateral rotation therapy 4. positive pressure ventilation with PEEP 5. permissive hypercapnia 6. alternative modes of mechanical ventilation 7. treatment of underlying cause 8. hemodynamic monitoring 9. medications: inotropic/vasopressor meds (dopamine, dobutamine, norepinephrine), diuretics, IV fluids, sedation/analgesia, neuromuscular blockade

• hypercapnia
• ARDS treatment
• Shunt
• anatomical shunt

Respiratory: dyspnea, decreased respiratory rate or increased rapid rate with shallow respirations-cerebral: morning headache, disorientation, progressive somnolence, coma (late)-cardiac: dysrhythmias, hypertension, tachycardia, bounding pulse-Neuromuscular: muscle weakness, decreased deep tendon reflexes, tremor, seizures (late)-other: pursed lip breathing, use of tripod position

• hypercapnia
• signs and symptoms of hypoxemia
• intrapulmonary shunt
• signs and symptoms of hypercapnia

1. O2 administration2. mobilzation of secretions (effective coughing, incentive spirometry, hydration, airway suctioning)3. positive pressure ventilation (non invasive or intubation)4. drug therapy -relief of bronchospasm (albuterol)-reduction of airway inflammation (corticosteroids)-reduction of pulmonary congestion (lasix)-treatment of pulmonary infection (antibiotics)-reduction of severe anxiety/pain (benzos and opioids) 5. treatment of underlying cause

• respiratory failure treatment
• Acute Respiratory Failure
• acute respiratory failure assessment
• ARDS treatment

An insufficiency of oxygen in the body's tissues.

• Shunt
• hypoxemia
• hypercapnia
• hypoxia

Occurs when gas exchanging functions are inadequate. Ex: insufficient O2 is transferred to the blood or inadequate CO2 is removed from the lungs-A sudden decrease in PaO2 or rapid rise in PaCO2 can quicly become life threatening - ex: bronchospasm in asthma.-Gradual changes are tolerated better by the body Ex: COPD where the body can compensate.

• acute respiratory failure assessment
• Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
• Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
• Acute Respiratory Failure

ABG; Gold standard for testing respiratory function; a test done on arterial blood to determine levels of O2, CO2, and other gases present.Data should be interpreted along with physical assessment and clients baseline. Ex: COPD pts will have a higher than normal PaCO2 as their "normal" due to the air trapping

• anatomical shunt
• ARDS treatment
• hypercapnia
• Arterial Blood Gases

1. level of consciousness (first signs: restlessness, anxiety, confusion) 2. distress with labored, irregular breathing 3. chest wall retractions 4. tachypnea leading to increased pH (alkalosis) 5. dyspnea 6. crackles/wheezes 7. unable to lie flat 8. increased sputum, cough, wet lung sounds 9. cyanosis (late sign) 10. decreased blood pressure 11. tachycardia 12. anxiety-fear of suffocation and lack of control

• Acute Respiratory Failure
• acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• acute respiratory failure assessment
• respiratory failure treatment

a shunt (hole) in the heart which allows blood to move from one side of the heart to the other without going into the lungs

• Shunt
• anatomical shunt
• ARDS treatment
• intrapulmonary shunt

Respiratory: dyspnea, tachypnea, prolonged expiration (i:e; 1:3 normal is 1:2), use of excessory muscles, decreased SpO2 (<80%), cyanosis (late) - Cerebral: agitation, disorientation, delirium, restless, confusion, decreased LOC, coma (late)-Cardiac: tachycardia, hypertension, skin cool clammy and diaphoretic, dysrhythmias and hypotension (late)-Other: fatigue, unable to speak in full sentences

• hypoxemia
• signs and symptoms of hypercapnia
• intrapulmonary shunt
• signs and symptoms of hypoxemia

PaO2 60mm Hg or less even with supplemental oxygen-Ex: Pneumonia, Pulmonary emboli, Pulomary edema, alveoli disease, low CO conditions

• Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
• Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
• Acute Respiratory Failure
• severe acute respiratory syndrome

SARS; acute resp infection caused by coronavirus (CoV). Spread by close contact via droplets-Symptoms: fever, sore throat, rhinorhea, chills, rigors, diarrhea, HA, body aches, progressive resp changes (dry cough advances to difficulty breathing)-Treatment: isolation, antiviral, corticosteriods

• Acute Respiratory Failure
• Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
• severe acute respiratory syndrome
• Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure

This is a sudden and progressive form of acute respiratory failure caused by damage to alveolar capillary membranes, allowing fluid to leak into lungs. Gas exchange impaired by damage to pulmonary capillary membrane and presence of fluid in alveoli. Surfactant rendered inactive, results in collapse of alveoli. Life threatening condition characterized by severe dyspnea, hypoxemia, & diffuse pulmonary edema. Causes are: trauma, SEPSIS, severe pulmonary infections, inhalation lung injuries. Keep in prone posit

• acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• Acute Respiratory Failure
• severe acute respiratory syndrome
• acute respiratory failure assessment